Dr. Carmel Shalev is a human rights lawyer and ethicist, who specializes in health, bio-medicine and human rights, and is the founding head of the Department for Reproduction and Society of the International Center for Health, Law and Ethics at Haifa University, Israel. She works as a consultant on health and research ethics for local and international public interest organizations, and offers bio-ethics mediation training workshops. Between 1998 and 2004 Dr. Shalev established and directed the Unit for Health Rights and Ethics at the Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Israel. Previously she worked as a public interest lawyer in Israel, including as chief legal advisor to the Israel Ministry of Health. She has served on numerous public committees in the area of health ethics in Israel, and collaborated broadly with international and local non-governmental organizations. Between 1994 and 2000 Dr. Shalev served as an expert member on the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), and between 1999 and 2005 she served on the Israel National Committee for Genetic Experiments in Human Beings. She has been a member of the Scientific and Ethical Review Group (SERG), of the WHO Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction since 1997. Dr. Shalev has taught at academic institutions in Israel and abroad, and published extensively in her areas of expertise. Her major current interests are in repro-genetics, end-of-life care, and bio-ethics mediation.